Social Science and Human Research Bulletin

This researchwas conducted to determine the benchmarks for the RegionalDevelopment Agency's strategy to increase local revenue in Bulukumba Regency.The research used a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing the results of interviews, observations, and documentation studies.

The research findings indicate that the strategies implemented by the Bulukumba Regency Regional Development Agency (BPBD) reflectmodern public management practices that balance administrative, technological, and partnership approaches. Strategies such as SIMPADA and MPOS can be categorized as deliberate strategies because they are designed through long-term planning and policy formulation. Meanwhile, the proactive approach and the formation of the Integrated Team represent emergent strategies that emerge in response to field dynamics and institutional limitations. This combined approach reflects the organization's flexibility and adaptability to changing situations. However, these strategies still need to be complemented by long-term structural support, ranging from providing professional human resources, expanding digital infrastructure networks, to reforming regional regulations.

Benchmarking, Regional Development Agency Strategy, Increasing Local Original Income

1. Andi CudaiNur, et al. (2021). The Existence of Public Administration in the Currentof Globalization, Makassar State University Publishing Institute.
2. Andi Cudai Nur & Muhammad Guntur. (2019). Public Policy Analysis, Makassar State University Publishing Institute. Published by Makassar State University Publishing Institute, Library Building,1st Floor, UNM Gunungsari Campus.
3. Andi Cudai Nur,. et al. (2020). Partnership, Digitalization & Public Policy Innovation in the Era of Globalization Published by Makassar State University Publishing Agency Library Building1st Floor UNM Gunungsari Campus Andi Cudai Nur, & Shuja Iqbal. (2024). 
4. Revolution 4.0 as a Momentum for Human Resource Management Towards Era 5. Source Title:Innovative Human Resource Management for SMEs. Copyright: © 2024 Pages: 12. DOI: 10.4018/979-8- 3693-0972-8.ch008. IGI Global published. IGI Global Book Publishing
5. Andi Cudai Nur, & Komal Khalid. (2024). Strategic HR Management of SME Development in the Era of Globalization.
6. Andi Cudai Nur, Komal Khalid. Source Title: Innovative Human Resource Management for SMEs. IGI Global published. IGI Global Book Publishing
7. Alonso, P. and Lewis, Gb, (2001), Public Service Motivation and Job Performance. The American Review of Public Administration. 31 (4), 363-380.
8. Athanasaw, Ya, (2003), Team Characteristics and Team Members' Knowledge, Skills and Abilities Relationship with CFT Effectiveness in the PublicSector. International Journalof Public Administration, 26 (10 & 11), 1167-1205.
9. Beer, M. and Nohria,N., (2000), Crackingthe Code of Change. HarvardBusiness Review, 78 (July–August), 75-79.
10. Boland, T. and Fowler,A., (2000), Performance Management Systems Perspectives in Public Sector Organizations. International Journal of Public Sector Management. 13 (5), 417- 446.
11. Boyne, Ga, 2003, Publicand Private Management: What's the Difference? Journal of Management Studies, 39 (1), 97-122.
12. Brown, Sl and Eisenhardt, Km, (1995), ProductDevelopment: Past Research, Current Findings, and Future Directions. Academy of Management Review 20 (2), 343-378
13. Andi Cudai Nur, Andi. (2022). Indonesian Culture. Independently Publishedon USA Amazon Publisher David, FR (2011). StrategicManagement: Concepts and Cases(13th Edition). PearsonEducation.
14. David, and R, F. (2011). Strategic Management: Concepts, 12th Edition.Salemba Empat.
15. Diana, A., and Setiawati, L. (2011). Accounting Information Systems, Planning, Procedures, and Implementation.
16. In Habibie, N. (2013). Analysis of Accounts Receivable Internal Control at PT Adira Finance Manado Branch. Journal of Economics, Management, Businessand Accounting Research.https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v1i3.1849
17. Hanuma, S. (2011). BalanceScorecard Analysis as a Company Performance Measurement Tool (Case Study at PT. Astra Honda Motor). H Social Sciences. HG Finance,1–24
18. Haryanto, A. (2017). The Influence of External BusinessEnvironment and Managerial on Strategic Planningto Improve the Performance of PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk. Journalof Jakarta State University. 
19. Husaen, U. (2011). Research Methods for Business Theses and Dissertations, 11th Edition.                              PT Raja Grafindo Persada. http://www.rajagrafindo.co.id/produk/metodepenelitian-untuk-skripsi-dan-tesis-bisnis-ed-revisi/ 
20. Harman, Ra, Golhar, Dy and Deshpande, Sp, (2002), Learning in Work Teams. Production, Planning and Control. 13 (1), 362-369. 
21. Holland, Gaston, K. and Gomes, J., (2003), CriticalSuccess Factors for Cross-Functional Teamworkin New Product Development. International Journal of Management Review, 2 (3), 231-159.
22. Habibie, N. (2013). Analysis of Internal Controlof Accounts Receivable at PT Adira Finance Manado Branch. Journal of Economics, Management, Business and Accounting Research.https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v1i3.1849
23. Hanuma, S. (2011). Balance Scorecard Analysis as a Company Performance Measurement Tool (Case Study at PT. AstraHonda Motor). HSocialSciences>HG Finance, 1–24.
24. Haryanto, A. (2017). The Influence of External and Managerial BusinessEnvironment on Strategic Planning to Improve the Performance of PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk. Journal of Jakarta State University.
25. Husaen, U. (2011). Research Methods for Business Theses and Dissertations, 11th Edition. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Idris. (2013).The Influence of External Environment and Strategic Orientation on Company Performance. 1–15.
26. Kotler, P., & Armstrong,G. (2018). Kotler & Armstrong,Principles of Marketing| Pearson. In Pearson. 
27. Halim, Abdul.2003. Investment Analysis. Jakarta: Salemba Empat Heene, Aime et al. 2010. StrategicManagement of PublicOrganizations. Bandung: PT Refika AdiatmaHery & Widyawati Lekok. 2015. Intermediate Financial Accounting 2. Jakarta: PT Bumi
28. Aksara Kahn, Kb, (2001). Market Orientation, InterdepartmentalIntegration and Performance Product Development. Journalof Product Innovation Management 18, 314-323. Lusiana.2012.Investment Businessin Indonesia.Depok: 
29. Kharisma Putra Utama OffsetLarson, Ew Dan Gobeli, Dh ,(1989), Significance of Project Management Structure on Development Success. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 36 (2), 119-125.
30. Lyons, St. And Duxbury,Le, (2006), A Comparison of the Valuesand Commitment of Private Sector,Public Sector, and Parapublic Sector Employees. Government Science Review, 66 (4), 602-618.
31. Macintosh, R., (2003), Bpr: Living and Prospering in the PublicSector. International Journalof Operations & Production Management, 23 (3), 327-344.
32. Maidique, Ma and Zirger,B.J., (1984), A Study of Success and Failure in Product Innovation.
33. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 31 (4), 192-203.
34. Mendibil, K. and Macbryde, J., (2005), Designing Effective Team-Based Performance Measurement Systems: An Integrated Approach. Production, Planning and Control, 16 (2), 208-225.
35. Micheli, P. and Kennerley, P. (2005) A Performance Measurement Framework in the Public and Non-Profit Sectors. Production, Planning and Control, 16 (2), 125-134.
36. Muljono, Djoko.2012. Smart Book on Savingsand Loan Cooperative Business Strategy. Yogyakarta: CV Andi Offset Nakata, C. and Im, S., (2010),Stimulating Cross-Functional Integration for Higher Performance New Products. Journalof Product Innovation Management, 27, 554-571.
37. Nararya, HL, & Nuri Aslami. (2022).Change Management Strategyin Companies to Survive in the DigitalEra “Case Study of PT Era Surya Ritelindo.” Journal of ComputerScience, Economics and Management (Jikem), 2(2), 2578–2582.
38. Nur, Andi Cudai (2019). Policy Strategy Integrated Development of Tourism Destinations in South Sulawesi. Journal of Social and Political Sciences (JISPO), 9 (2). Pp. 203-217. ISSN 2303-3169.
39. Nur, Andi Cudai., & Iqbal, S. (2024). Revolution 4.0 as a momentum for human resource management towards era 5.0. In Innovative Human Resource Management for SMEs (pp. 136–147). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-0972-8.ch008 
40. Nur, Andi Cudai., & Khalid, K. (2024). Strategic HR management of SME development in the era of globalization. In Innovative Human Resource Management for SMEs (pp. 117–135). IGI Global Scientific Publishing., DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-0972-8.ch007 
41. Nur, Andi Cudai, and Andi Irwan Nur, ‘Enhancing Hazardous Waste Management Through the “SIPENGOLAH LIMBAH B3” Innovation’, International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age, 12.1 (2025), 1–19 https://doi.org/10.4018/IJPADA.368716
42. Ochieng, VO, Asego, CS, Gyasi, RM, & Street, D. (2023). The Place of Academia and Industry in the Adoptionand Adaptation of Education Technologies (ICT) in the African Education Sector for a post Highbridge House.
43. Peter F Drucker. (1996).Innovation and Entrepreneurship translated by RusjdiNaib. Erlangga.
44. Prasetyono, H., Kurniasari, D., & Desnaranti, L. (2019). Evaluation of the implementation of the Batik-skills trainingprogram. Research and Evaluation in Education, 5(2),130–143. https://doi.org/10.21831/reid.v5i2.23918
45. Putri, N.T., Delviari, L., Muluk, A., & Fithri, P. (2022). Change Management Strategyto Accelerate DigitalTransformation in Marketingof Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Products in West Sumatra. Journal of Science and Technology: Journal of Scientific and Industrial Technology Applications, 22(1), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.36275/stsp.v22i1.475
46. Rahmadyah, N., & Aslami,N. (2022). Corporate change management strategies in the digitaltransformation era. EKOKAM
47. Rangkuti, F. (2002). Measuring Customer Satisfaction. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 
48. Rizal, A., Nur Kahfi, S., Abdurrahman, Wulandono, Tono, & Prasetyono, H. (2023). Change Management in the Digital Era: Challenges and Opportunities for Organizational Adaptation. BULLET: Multidisciplinary Journal of Science,2(4), 933–941. Retrieved from https://www.journal.mediapublikasi.id/ index.php/bullet/article/view/336.
49. Robbins, SP, & Counter. (2010). Organizational Behavior. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
50. Sani, A., & Wiliani,N. (2019). Factorsof Readiness and Adoption of Information Technology in the Contextof Technology and the Environment in MSMEs in Jakarta. JITK (Journal of Computer Scienceand Technology), 5(1), 49– 56. https://doi.org/10.33480/jitk.v5i1.616
51. Santosa, LP, & Ringgo, RPO (2017). Change Management in an Organization by Utilizing Information Technology. Scientific Forum, 14(3), 267–278.
52. Shuja Iqbal,Komal Khalid, Andi Cudai Nur, (2024) Innovative Human Resource Management for SMEs, Indexed In: SCOPUS. Release Date: January, 2024|Copyright: © 2024 |Pages: 449. DOI: 10.4018/979-8- 3693- 0972-8.ISBN13: 9798369309728|ISBN13 Softcover: 9798369346853|EISBN13: 9798369309735. IGI Global Book Publishing 
53. Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge. (2008). Organizational Behavior. Salemba Empat.
54. Van Wart, M., Roman, A., Wang, X. H., & Liu, C. (2017). Integrating ICT adoption issues into E-Leadership theory. Telematics and Informatics, 527537. https://doi.org/103.41(051)6, /j.tele.2016.11.003
55. Sulaksono, P. (2019). Performance assessment and commitment in government ethics.Widya, 320, 35.
56. Susanthi, PR (2017). Internaland External Environmental Analysis in Achieving Company Goals (CaseStudy of Stie Galileo Batam). Electronic Journal of Economic Research in Management and Accounting, 1(1), 30–42. 
57. Suyono, E. (2013). The Influence of External BusinessEnvironment, Strategy Formulation, and Internal Control on Company Performance (Survey of Government-Owned and Privately Owned BPR/BKKin Banyumas and Purbalingga Regencies). Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA), 1(1), 6. 
58. Soltani, E., Lai, Pc., Mahmoudhi, V., (2007), ManagingChange Initiatives: Fantasyor Reality. TotalQuality Management, 18 (1-2), 153-179.
59. Song Mx, Thieme Jr Dan Xie, J., (1998), The Impact of Cross-Functional Connections on Involvement Across Product Development Stages:An Exploratory Study.Journal of ProductInnovation Management, 15, 289-303 Sundberg, Hp and Sandberg, Kw, (2006),Towards E-Government: A Survey of Issues in Organizational Processes. Business Process Management, 12 (2), 149-161. 
60. Sudaryono, Dr. 2015. Introduction to Business Theory & CaseExamples. Yogyakarta: CV ANDI OFFSET Sukirno, Sadono et al. 2004. Introduction to Business. Jakarta: Fajar Interpratama Offset 
61. Swink, M., (2003), Completing Projects on Time. Journal of Management Engineering and Technology, 20, 319-344.
62. Taufiqurokman. (2016).Strategic Management. In Social and Political Sciences, Prof. Dr. MoestopoUniversity of Religion
63. Womack, Jp, Jones, Dt and Roos,D., (1990). The Machine That Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production (HarperCollins: New York).
64. Wagner, JA, & Hollenbeck, JR (2010). Organizational Behavior-Securing Competitive Advantage. In Francis & Taylor. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.022 
65. Watajdid, NI, Lathifah, A., Andini, DS, & Fitroh.(2012). Systematic Literature Review: The Role of SocialMedia in the Development of Digital Marketing. Indonesian Journal of Marketing Science, XI(3), 283–300.
66. Wibowo, A. (2021). ChangeManagement. In YayasanPrima Agus Publisher Technique. https://penerbit.stekom.ac.id/index.php/yayasanpat/article/view/107 
67. Wheelen, TL, & Hunger, DJ (2012). Strategic Management and Business Policy Toward Global Sustainability Thirteenth Edition. Strategic Management and Business Policy Toward Global Sustainability.
68. Wiyati, RTL (2016). Implementation of Performance Measurement with Balance Scorecard(Case Study at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Pekanbaru. Pekbis Journal, 8(2), 97–111.
69. Yusuf Muri. (2019). Quantitative, Qualitative & CombinedResearch Methods. In Journal of Chemical Information B. Thesis, Journal and Article Lailatul Aliya. StrategicPlanning of the Integrated Service Agency and Investment (BPTPM)in Increasing Investment in Serang City. 2015
70. Winarto, Sulham.Strategy for Developing the Attraction of the Balla Lompoa Museum,Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. 2015 
71. Astuti, Kris Deana Arima. Planning for Procurement of Goods and Services at Makassar State University. 2018 
72. Nasution, Wahyudin Nur. 2017. Learning Planning: Definition, Objectives and Procedures. Journal of Islamic Educationand Teacher Training,Vol. 1, Number 2 
73. Dona, Fery.2017. The Role of Foreign Investment (PMA)in Economic Development in the Era of Regional Autonomy. Journal of Islamic Education and Law, Vol. 2 Number 1 Dolong, HMJufri. 2016.Planning Perspective in Learning Development. DPK Journal,Vol.5, Number 1
74. Pardiansyah, Elif. 2017. Investment in Islamic Economic Perspective: Theoretical and Empirical Approach. Journal of Islamic Economics , Vol.8, Number 2 
75. Mudjiyono. 2012. Investment in Stocks& Bonds and Mitigating Securities Risks in the Indonesian CapitalMarket. STIE Semarang Journal, Vol.4, Number 2 C. Legislation Law No. 13 of 1964 concerning the Establishment of Government Regulations.
76. Sulawesi Selatan Governor's Regulation Number 85 Of 2016 Concerning The Position, Organizational Structure, Duties and Functions, and Work Procedures for Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services of South Sulawesi Province Republic of Indonesia Regulation Number 97 of 2014 Concerning the Implementation of One-Stop Integrated Services D. DPM & PTSP Institution Documents. 2019. Strategic Planof DPMPTSP South Sulawesi Province201-2023. November 28, 2020. E. Other Sources https:// dpmptsp.sulselprov.go.id/