Social Science and Human Research Bulletin

Marriage annulment is a legal mechanism provided by the state to declare a marriage invalid due to the failure to fulfill the legal requirements stipulated by statutory regulations. In Indonesia, the legal framework governing marriage annulment is regulated under Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage, as amended by Law Number 16 of 2019. Nevertheless, various legal issues continue to arise in judicial practice, including the legal grounds for annulment, the parties authorized to file an annulment petition, and the legal consequences affecting the status of spouses, children, and jointly acquired property. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing marriage annulment, examine the juridical grounds that justify the annulment of marriage, and explain the legal consequences arising from court decisions granting marriage annulment. The research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, which are analyzed qualitatively through a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that marriage annulment may only be granted on grounds expressly prescribed by law and must be declared through a decision of a competent court. In principle, an annulment invalidates the marriage retroactively from the date the marriage was solemnized. However, such annulment does not eliminate legal protection for children born during the marriage nor the rights of third parties acting in good faith. Therefore, the implementation of legal provisions concerning marriage annulment should uphold the principles of legal certainty, justice, and legal expediency to ensure balanced legal protection for all parties concerned.

marriage annulment, juridical analysis, marriage law, legal protection, legal certainty.

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